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Research Note Description:
ARTIFICIAL INTELLIGENCE
The following definitions are given by several experts from different time period:
Minsky, 1968 : "AI is the science of making machines do things that require intelligence if done by men."
Winston, 1984: "Artificial Intelligence is the study of ideas that enable computers to be intelligent."
Schalkoff, 1990: "A field of study that seeks to explain and emulate intelligent behavior in terms of computational processes."
Winston, 1992-----"The study of the computations that make it possible to perceive, reason, and act"
SOME FACTS ON ARTIFICIAL INTELLIGENCE
Artificial Intelligence is a combination of computer science, physiology, and philosophy.
The element that the fields of AI have in common is the creation of machines that can "think".
AI really began to intrigue researchers with the invention of the computer in 1943.
Over the next four decades, AI has grown from capable of playing checkers, to systems designed to diagnose disease.
The advancements in the quest for artificial intelligence have, and will continue to affect our jobs, our education, and our lives.
THE TURING TEST
Place both a human and a machine mimicking human responses outside the field of direct observation and use an unbiased interface to interrogate them. If the responses are distinguishable, the machine is not displaying intelligence.Thus a machiene displaying AI should act completely like a human.
Why Artificial Intelligence?
Unlike humans, computers have trouble understanding specific situations, and adapting to new situations. Artificial intelligence aims to improve machine behavior in tackling such complex tasks.
Artificial Intelligence can help us understand human approach to problem solving based on abstract thought, high-level deliberative reasoning and patterning recognition by recreating it, then potentially enabling us to enhance it beyond our current capabilities.
The Future of AI
Some people are concerned that if research in AI is successful, that computers will become too powerful.
So far though, AI products have been welcomed by our society. Current research should soon bring us programs to help us use the power of computers more naturally.
Hopefully, AI will one day help us solve problems we cannot currently solve at all using traditional approaches to science and engineering.
Conclusion
Although computers can clearly behave intelligently in performing certain limited tasks, full intelligence is a very long way off and hard to imagine.
We shouldn't expect that the human race will become extinct and be replaced by robots.
We can expect that classical AI will go on producing more and more sophisticated applications in restricted domains - expert systems, chess programs, Internet agents.
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Prof. Ashay Dharwadker